The LiD effect - how to protect against it based on the German solution?
Each of the monocrystalline silicon cells manufactured, regardless of the manufacturing technology used, is susceptible to the adverse LID effect. This phenomenon has been known for many years, but only with the introduction of high-performance modules has it become more severe. What is the LID effect? What are its negative effects? How are manufacturers dealing with this challenge? This is discussed later in the article, using the example of German photovoltaic panel manufacturer AE Solar. ...